Linux 操作系统及应用技术（双色）（微课）

  • ISBN：978-7-5639-8819-8
  • 作者：徐文燕
  • 定价：￥59.8
  • 出版社：北京工业大学出版社
  • 适用层次：通用
  • 出版/修订日期：2025-06-01
        本书全面系统地介绍了Linux 的概念、应用、管理和服务的配置。在每章的“知识入门”部分，介绍本章相关的概念，帮助读者快速入门。在“循序渐进”部分，讲解每个知识点的应用，并且对应每个知识点都有相应的实例。在“知识拓展”部分，对知识点进行了拓展延伸。
        本书主要对Linux 基础知识、常用技术、一般原理、普通应用和管理的普及性讲解。本书通过大量应用实例，循序渐进地引导读者学习Linux 基础知识。本书共分12 章。
        第1 章Linux 系统概述，介绍了Linux 操作系统的基本概念、功能和类型，着重讲述Linux系统的历史、现状和特点。
        第2 章安装Linux 系统，介绍多系统共存时分区的划分和系统的安装过程。
        第3 章图形界面管理，介绍Linux 图形界面知识、GNOME 桌面系统、系统设置以及硬盘、CPU 和内存的查看。
        第4 章终端操作，介绍终端的打开方式、命令格式、文件概念和常用文件操作命令。
        第5 章目录及其操作，介绍目录和路径名的概念以及常用目录操作命令和联机帮助命令。
        第6 章文本编辑，介绍Linux 系统上常用的文本编辑器vi。
        第7 章Linux 软件包管理，介绍Linux 软件包的安装和运行及常见脚本的执行方法。
        第8 章Linux 文件系统管理，介绍文件系统集群维护、文件系统的备份和系统安全管理。

        第9 章网络配置管理，介绍网络配置、网络相关命令和网络安全技术。

        第10 章用户和进程管理，介绍用户和进程管理基础知识、用户和用户组管理命令、进程管理命令。
        第11 章Shell 程序设计，介绍Linux Shell（默认是Bash）的语法结构、变量和算术运算、条件测试、程序控制结构及函数和内置命令等。
        第12 章常见服务配置，介绍了TCP/UDP 协议和端口概念、常见服务的安装及配置。

第1 章 Linux 系统概述 ·················1
1.1 操作系统概述 ··········································· 3
    1.1.1 什么是操作系统 ···························· 3
    1.1.2 操作系统的功能 ···························· 4
    1.1.3 操作系统的类型 ···························· 4
1.2 Linux系统的历史和现状 ························ 5
    1.2.1 Linux的历史 ································· 5
    1.2.2 Linux的应用现状 ························· 6
    1.2.3 Linux系统的特点 ························· 8
1.3 Linux的常用版本 ···································· 9
    1.3.1 Linux的内核版本 ························· 9
    1.3.2 Linux的发行版本 ························· 9

第2 章 安装Linux 系统 ············· 13

2.1 基本硬件要求 ·········································14
2.2 安装前准备工作 ·····································14
    2.2.1 使用虚拟机 ··································14
    2.2.2 安装VMware ······························15
    2.2.3 创建虚拟机 ··································16
    2.2.4 准备安装介质 ······························17
    2.2.5 制作安装介质 ······························18
2.3 系统安装过程 ·········································22
    2.3.1 多系统共存时分区的划分 ··········22
    2.3.2 启动安装程序 ······························24
    2.3.3 安装Ubuntu 系统 ························25
2.4 登录和退出系统 ·····································29
    2.4.1 启动系统 ······································29
    2.4.2 登录/退出 ···································29


第3 章 图形界面管理 ·················· 33

3.1 GNOME桌面系统 ··································35
    3.1.1 GNOME和KDE概述 ·················35
    3.1.2 GNOME桌面系统 ·······················36
    3.1.3 窗口操作及快捷键 ······················36
3.2 系统设置 ·················································37
    3.2.1 更改桌面背景 ······························37
    3.2.2 显示器分辨率 ······························37
    3.2.3 更改息屏时间 ······························37
3.3 查看硬件 ·················································38
    3.3.1 查看硬盘使用情况 ······················38
    3.3.2 查看CPU/内存使用 ···················39
3.4 GNOME环境日常应用 ··························40
    3.4.1 创建文件 ······································40
    3.4.2 复制文件 ······································41
    3.4.3 抓图 ··············································41


第4 章 终端操作 ··························44

4.1 终端简介 ·················································46
    4.1.1 打开终端 ······································46
    4.1.2 虚拟终端 ······································46
    4.1.3 终端提示符 ··································47
4.2 简单命令 ·················································48
    4.2.1 切换root用户su ·························48
    4.2.2 查看当前工作目录pwd ··············49
    4.2.3 切换工作目录cd ··························49
    4.2.4 重启命令reboot ··························50
    4.2.5 关机命令shutdown ····················50

4.3 命令格式 ·················································51

    4.3.1 一般命令格式 ······························51
    4.3.2 常用命令的一般格式 ··················52
4.4 文件及其类型 ·········································52
    4.4.1 文件概念 ······································52
    4.4.2 文件类型 ······································52
4.5 常用文件操作命令 ·································54
    4.5.1 创建空文件命令 ··························54
    4.5.2 有关文件显示命令 ······················54
    4.5.3 匹配、排序及显示指定内容的命令 ···············60
    4.5.4 比较文件内容的命令 ··················64
    4.5.5 复制、删除和移动文件的命令 ··64

    4.5.6 文件内容统计命令 ······················66
    4.5.7 归档和压缩命令 ··························67

第5 章 目录及其操作 ··················73
5.1 目录基础管理 ·········································76
    5.1.1 创建目录 ······································76
    5.1.2 切换工作目录 ······························ 77
    5.1.3 删除目录 ······································ 77
    5.1.4 查看目录内容 ······························78
    5.1.5 查看目录空间大小 ······················78
    5.1.6 链接文件的命令 ··························79
5.2 目录权限管理 ·········································80
    5.2.1 Linux文件和目录权限简介 ·······80
    5.2.2 改变文件或目录访问权限 ··········82
    5.2.3 改变用户组和文件所有者 ··········84
5.3 联机帮助命令 ·········································85
    5.3.1 man命令 ······································86
    5.3.2 help命令 ······································87
    5.3.3 使用“--help”选项 ·····················87
    5.3.4 info命令 ·······································87

第6 章 文本编辑 ··························92
6.1 进入和退出vi ·········································94
    6.1.1 进入vi ··········································94
    6.1.2 退出vi ··········································95
6.2 光标移动命令 ·········································95
6.3 滚动屏幕命令 ·········································96
6.4 文本修改命令 ·········································96
    6.4.1 文本编辑 ······································96
    6.4.2 文本删除 ······································97
    6.4.3 修改命令 ······································97
    6.4.4 移动命令 ······································98
    6.4.5 替换命令 ······································99
    6.4.6 搜索命令 ··································· 100
    6.4.7 显示行号 ····································101
    6.4.8 打开新的文件 ····························101
    6.4.9 读入其他文件内容 ····················101

第7 章 Linux 软件包管理 ········106
7.1 Linux系统的软件管理 ························111
    7.1.1 图形界面管理 ····························111
    7.1.2 使用APT软件包 ·······················113
7.2 第三方软件安装 ···································117
    7.2.1 二进制包 ····································118
    7.2.2 源码包 ········································120
    7.2.3 源码共享方式 ····························123
7.3 普通软件运行 ·······································126
    7.3.1 应用程序列表执行 ····················126
    7.3.2 命令行执行 ································126
    7.3.3 命令提示符运行 ························127
7.4 执行脚本 ···············································128
    7.4.1 执行Ruby 脚本 ··························128
    7.4.2 执行Python脚本 ······················128
    7.4.3 执行Perl脚本 ····························130
    7.4.4 执行Shell脚本 ··························132

第8 章 Linux 文件系统管理 ····135
8.1 文件系统及其维护 ·······························137
    8.1.1 创建文件系统 ····························137
    8.1.2 挂载文件系统 ····························143
    8.1.3 自动挂载文件系统 ····················144
    8.1.4 卸载文件系统 ····························145
    8.1.5 维护文件系统 ····························145
8.2 文件系统的备份 ···································146
    8.2.1 备份策略 ····································146
    8.2.2 备份时机 ····································147
    8.2.3 备份介质 ····································147
    8.2.4 备份工具 ····································148
    8.2.5 恢复后备文件 ····························150
8.3 系统安全管理 ·······································153
    8.3.1 安全管理的目标和要素 ············153
    8.3.2 用户密码的管理 ························153

第9 章 网络配置管理 ················159
9.1 配置网络 ···············································160
    9.1.1 配置有线网络 ····························161
    9.1.2 配置无线网络 ····························161
    9.1.3 配置ADSL拨号上网 ················163
    9.1.4 配置VPN 网络 ···························163
9.2 网络管理与基本网络命令 ···················165
    9.2.1 网络管理功能 ····························165
    9.2.2 基本网络命令 ····························165
9.3 网络安全 ···············································174
    9.3.1 网络安全简介 ····························174
    9.3.2 Linux安全问题及对策 ·············174
    9.3.3 网络安全工具 ····························177
    9.3.4 计算机病毒 ································178

第10 章 用户和进程管理 ·········185
10.1 用户和用户组管理 ·····························191
    10.1.1 用户管理 ··································191
    10.1.2 用户组管理 ······························195
    10.1.3 查询用户和组账号 ··················197
10.2 进程管理命令 ···································· 200
    10.2.1 查看进程状态 ························· 200
    10.2.2 进程管理 ··································204
10.3 定时任务 ·············································209
    10.3.1 使用crontab设置定时任务 ···209
    10.3.2 使用at设置定时任务 ·············211

第11 章 Shell 程序设计 ···········217
11.1 Shell变量和算术运算 ························220
    11.1.1 简单Shell变量 ························220
    11.1.2 数组 ··········································224
    11.1.3 位置参数 ··································224
    11.1.4 预先定义的特殊变量 ··············225
    11.1.5 环境变量 ··································225
    11.1.6 算术运算 ··································227
11.2 条件测试 ·············································228
    11.2.1 测试文件状态 ··························229
    11.2.2 整数值比较 ······························230
    11.2.3 字符串比较 ······························230
    11.2.4 逻辑测试 ··································231
11.3 程序控制结构 ·····································232
    11.3.1 if语句 ·······································232
    11.3.2 case语句 ··································234
    11.3.3 for语句 ····································235
    11.3.4 while语句 ································237
    11.3.5 until语句 ·································238
11.4 Shell函数和内置命令 ························240
    11.4.1 Shell函数 ·································240
    11.4.2 Shell内置命令 ·························242

第12 章 常见服务配置 ············ 249
12.1 HTTP服务 ·········································250
    12.1.1 HTTP协议概述 ······················251
    12.1.2 安装Apache服务 ····················252
    12.1.3 配置Apache服务 ····················253
    12.1.4 测试服务 ··································256
12.2 MySQL服务 ·······································258
    12.2.1 安装MySQL服务 ···················258
    12.2.2 连接数据库服务 ······················258
    12.2.3 管理数据库 ······························260
    12.2.4 维护数据库及用户权限 ··········264
12.3 FTP服务 ············································268
    12.3.1 FTP服务工作原理 ·················268
    12.3.2 安装及配置FTP服务 ·············269
    12.3.3 测试服务 ··································273
12.4 SSH服务 ·············································275
    12.4.1 安装SSH服务 ·························275
    12.4.2 SSH验证方式 ··························275
    12.4.3 配置SSH服务 ·························276
    12.4.4 Linux客户端远程连接SSH服务 ·····················277

参考文献 ······································· 283

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    Linux 操作系统及应用技术（双色）（微课）